Alam, T.B., Urbi, S.I., Raju, M.R.I. and Hossain, M.T., 2026. Development of an efficient in vitro propagation protocol for large scale production of Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Black Magic’. Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, 36(1), pp.269-281. https://doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v36i1.91184
Bahrehmand, S., Zakizadeh, H., Zarghami, R., Naderpour, M. and Karimi, R., 2026. Genotype-specific responses of six grapevine cultivars to in vitro propagation. Scientific Reports, 16, Article 64381. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-64381-3
Capriotti, L., Limera, C., Mezzetti, B., Ricci, A. and Sabbadini, S., 2022. From induction to embryo proliferation: Improved somatic embryogenesis protocol in grapevine for Italian cultivars and hybrid Vitis rootstocks. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 151, pp.221-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-022-02346-w
Capriotti, L., Ricci, A., Molesini, B., Mezzetti, B., Pandolfini, T., Piunti, I. and Sabbadini, S., 2023. Efficient protocol of de novo shoot organogenesis from somatic embryos for grapevine genetic transformation. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1172758. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1172758
Carra, A., Wijerathna-Yapa, A., Pathirana, R. and Carimi, F., 2024. Development and applications of somatic embryogenesis in grapevine (Vitis spp.). Plants, 13(22), 3131. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13223131
Daffalla, H.H., Abdellatef, E., Elhadi, E.A. and Khalafalla, M.M., 2011. Effect of growth regulators on in vitro morphogenic response of Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. Poir. using mature zygotic embryos explants. Biotechnology Research International, 2011, 710758. https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/710758
Ekinci, H., Rastgeldi, İ., Şaşkın, N., Ak, B.E. and Korkmaz, Ş., 2024. Evaluation of performance of different culture media in in vitro shoot propagation of local grape varieties. Applied Fruit Science, 66, pp.641-648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-023-00993-7
Gałuszka, A., Gustab, M. and Tuleja, M., 2019. In vitro morphogenetic responses from obligatory apomictic Taraxacum belorussicum Val. N. Tikhikh seedlings explants. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 139, pp.505-522. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01694-4
Guliyeva, A., Salimov, V., Huseynova, A., Röckel, F., Aprile, A., Rehman, S., Rossetti, G. and Rustioni, L., 2026. Agronomic and genetic characterization of table grape cultivars in Azerbaijan: Implications for domestication-related yield traits. Agriculture, 16(14), 1559. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16141559
Hamad, M.S. and Majid, N.B., 2017. Influence of explants and growth regulators in the induction of callus of Annona muricata in vitro. Euphrates Journal of Agricultural Science, 9(4), pp.1-12.
Hesami, M. and Jones, A.M.P., 2020. Application of artificial intelligence models and optimization algorithms in plant cell and tissue culture. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 104(22), pp.9449-9485.
Huda, M.F., Indriyani, S. and Widoretno, W., 2020. Effect of benzyl adenine concentration on callus induction of geranium plants (Pelargonium graveolens L'Her) from petiole and leaf explants. Journal of Experimental and Life Sciences, 10(1), pp.20-23.
Isah, T., 2015. Adjustments to in vitro culture conditions and associated anomalies in plants. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica, 57. https://doi.org/10.1515/abcsb-2015-0026
Kadhim, Z.K. and Abdulhussein, M.A., 2021. Minimal media strength for in vitro conservation of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) cultures. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 34(2), pp.1-9.
Kim, S.-H., Zebro, M., Jang, D.-C., Sim, J.-E., Park, H.-K., Kim, K.-Y., Bae, H.-M., Tilahun, S. and Park, S.-M., 2023. Optimization of plant growth regulators for in vitro mass propagation of a disease-free ‘Shine Muscat’ grapevine cultivar. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 45, pp.7721-7733. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45100487
Kolasinliler, G., Akkale, C. and Kaya, H.B., 2025. Establishing a reliable protoplast system for grapevine: Isolation, transformation, and callus induction. Protoplasma, 262, pp.1401-1417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-025-02069-7
Kundan Kishore, K.K., Samiksha Patnaik, S.P. and Shukla, A., 2015. Optimization of method to alleviate in vitro shoot tip necrosis in Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 14, pp.107-111.
Liu, C.-L., Deng, J.-M., Yan, H.-M. and Huang, H.-Y., 2024. In vitro cluster buds regeneration and control of shoot tip necrosis in tissue cultures of Trichosanthes cucumerina L. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 159, 24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-024-02883-6
Martins, J.P.R., Wawrzyniak, M.K., Kalemba, E.M., Ley-López, J.M., Mendes, M.M., Naskręt-Barciszewska, M.Z., Barciszewski, J. and Chmielarz, P., 2024. Differential morphophysiological and epigenetic responses during in vitro multiplication of Quercus robur depending on donor age and plant growth regulators. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 159, 62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-024-02914-2
Mastuti, R. and Munawarti, A., 2018. In vitro morphogenesis responses of various explants in Physalis angulata L. Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology, 3(2), pp.71-77.
Okao, M., Bharati, R. and Fernández-Cusimamani, E., 2025. Effect of explant physiology and media composition on callogenesis of Vitellaria paradoxa leaf explants. Horticulturae, 11(9), 1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11091127
Özdemir Memiş, S. and Sağlam, H., 2024. Shoot tip culture of Bilecik İrikarası, Sarı Üzüm, Kartal Çavuş and Razakı grape varieties grown in Bilecik province. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, 8(3), pp.729-735. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2024.3.26
Ramírez-González, G., Rodríguez-de la O, J.L., Arreola-Ávila, J.G. and Álvarez-Moctezuma, J.G., 2015. Morphogenic responses of three explants of Lupinus montanus (H.B.K.) cultured in vitro. Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales y del Ambiente, 21(1), pp.17-28. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2013.07.022
Shaker, F.K., Kadhim, Z.K. and Almukhtar, S.A., 2025. Effect of growth regulators and explant types on the callus induction in grape vine (Vitis vinifera L.). SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 57(3), pp.1283-1291. https://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2025.57.3.39
Sheykh Abdollahzadeh Mamaghani, A., Pazhouhandeh, M. and Tarinejad, A., 2025. Effects of explant types and phytohormones on Azarshahr red onion micropropagation. Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 5(3), pp.189-199. https://doi.org/10.22126/ATIC.2025.11448.1178
Surakshitha, N., Soorianathasundaram, K., Ganga, M. and Raveendran, M., 2019. Alleviating shoot tip necrosis during in vitro propagation of grape cv. Red Globe. Scientia Horticulturae, 248, pp.118-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.01.013
Teixeira da Silva, J.A., Nezami-Alanagh, E., Barreal, M.E., Kher, M.M., Wicaksono, A., Gulyás, A., Hidvégi, N., Magyar-Tábori, K., Mendler-Drienyovszki, N. and Márton, L., 2020. Shoot tip necrosis of in vitro plant cultures: A reappraisal of possible causes and solutions. Planta, 252, pp.1-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-020-03449-4
Torres-Silva, G., Resende, S.V., Lima-Brito, A., Bezerra, H.B., de Santana, J.R.F. and Schnadelbach, A.S., 2018. In vitro shoot production, morphological alterations and genetic instability of Melocactus glaucescens (Cactaceae), an endangered species endemic to eastern Brazil. South African Journal of Botany, 115, pp.100-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.01.001
Trivedi, D.R. and Joshi, A.G., 2021. Synergistic effect of cytokinins on in vitro propagation of Stereospermum suaveolens using nodal explants. Environmental and Experimental Biology, 19, pp.131-139. https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.19.13
Yazar, K., 2025. Boron and cytokinin combinations modulate shoot tip necrosis and improve subculture efficiency in grapevine micropropagation. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences, 9(3).
