Greenhouse Plant Production Journal
Quarterly

The impact of various nitrogen sources and levels on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of parsley

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Reza Abolghasemi 1
Hossein Saeidi Goraganib 2

1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty Of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

2 Jiroft Azad University, Iran

https://doi.org/10.61186/gppj.1.2.61
Abstract
Parsley possesses a high nutritional content, which includes vitamins A, B, and C, as well as essential mineral nutrients. The purity and chemical composition of fertilizers containing the same element can vary significantly. This difference has an important effect related to the method of usage, time of application, and the effectivity of fertilizers. Nitrate, ammonium, and urea are the primary sources of mineral nitrogen for higher plants, each with distinct chemical properties and varying impacts on plant growth. Hence, to examine the impact of various nitrogen sources on parsley, a study was carried out using a factorial combination of three nitrogen forms (calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and urea) and four nitrogen levels (0, 100, 125, and 150 kilograms per hectare). The study employed a completely randomized basic design with three replications. The findings indicated that all measured parameters were significantly influenced by the nitrogen (N) sources. The greatest fresh weight of shoots, fresh weight of roots, vitamin C concentration in the leaves, and concentration of calcium (Ca) in the leaves were achieved with an application of 150 kg/ha of calcium nitrate. The highest dry weight of shoots, plant height, length of leaves, and iron (Fe) concentration in the leaves were observed with an application of 150 kg/ha of ammonium sulfate. The highest levels of total chlorophyll (a+b) were recorded with an application of 150 kg/ha of urea.

Keywords

Ammonium sulfate
Calcium nitrate
Fresh weight
Nitrogen sources
Parsley
Urea
  1. Abdalla, A. M. E., M. A. Abdelmounem, H. S. I. Eltilib, and A. A. Hashim. 2000. Effects of different fertilizers on yield and quality of foster grapefruit. Acta horticulturae. 143: 25-29.
  2. Alan, R., and H. Padem. 1994. The influence of some foliar fertilizers on the growth and chemical composition of tomatoes under greenhouse conditions. In: Proc. Solanacea in Mild Winter Climates. Acta horticulturae, 366:397- 404.
  3. Babik I., and K. Elkner. 2002. The effect of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation on yield and quality of broccoli. In: Proc. Eco. Fertil. Veg. Acta horticulturae, 571: 33-43.
  4. Bani Jamali, S.M. and Zia'I, A. 2015. Investigating the effect of different amounts and sources of slow-release nitrogen fertilizers on the performance of PTOs. Soil and Water Research Institute. 2(5): 35-42. (In Persian).
  5. Below, F. E., P. S. Brandau, and J. A. Yockey. 1995. Sources and forms of nitrogen for optimum corn production. Available from: http://www. Frec. Crops. Uiuc. Edu/search. Html, 22 June 2008, 12.04 PM. Lliaiss Fertilizer Conference Proceedings.
  6. Barge, G. L. 2002. Comparing source, rate, and crop rotation effects on corn yield response to nitrogen on lake bed soils. Available from: http:// www. Ohioline. Osu. Edu/ Sc 190/pdf/ Sc 190, pdf, 22 June 2008, 12.26 PM. Extension Research Bulletin,187.
  7. Borkowski, J., A. Felczynska, and B. Dyki. 2007. Effect of calcium nitrate, biochip 020 pc, and titanic on the healthiness of Chinese cabbage, the yield, the content of phenolic compounds, and calcium. Polish Chitin Society, Monograph XII, 225-229.
  8. Busada, C. J., H. A. Mills, and J. B. Jones. 1984. Influence of foliar-applied NO3 and NH4 on dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in snap beans. HortScience, 19: 79-80.
  9. Colla, G., Kim, H. J., Kyriacou, M. C. and Rouphael, Y. (2018). Nitrate in fruits and vegetables. Scientia Horticulturae, 237, 221-238
  10. Correia, M., Barroso, A., Barroso, M. F., Soares, D., Oliveira, M. B. P. P. and Delerue-Matos, C. (2010). Contribution of different vegetable types to exogenous nitrate and nitrite exposure. Food Chemistry, 120(4), 960-966.
  11. Darnell, R.L., and G.W. Stutte. 2001. Nitrate concentration effects on NO3- N uptake and reduction, growth, and fruit yield in strawberry. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 125: 560–3.
  12. Hohjo, M., C. Kuwata, K. Yoshikawa, and T. Ito. 1995. Effects of nitrogen form, nutrient concentration, and Ca concentration on the growth, yield, and fruit quality in NFT-tomato plants. Acta horticulture, 396: 145-152.
  13. Kashi, A., S. Hosseinzadeh, M. Babalar and Lesani, H. 2003. The effect of black polyethylene mulch and calcium nitrate on growth, performance, and occasional flower rot in Charleston Gray watermelon. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Techniques and Natural Resources. 7(4): 20-32. (In Persian).
  14. Kjeldahl J. 1883. New Method for the Determination of Nitrogen. Chem.News, 48 (1240): 101-102.
  15. Kotsiras, A., C. M. Olympios, J. Drosopoulos, and H. C. Passam. 2002. Effects of nitrogen form and concentration on the distribution of ions within cucumber fruits. Scientia horticulturae, 95: 175-183.
  16. Kumar, N., and R. Prasad. 2004. Effect of levels and source of nitrogen on concentration and uptake of nitrogen by a high-yielding and a hybrid of rice. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 50:447-454.
  17. Kunelius, H. T., J. A. Macleod, and K. B. Mcrae. 1987. Effect of urea and ammonium nitrate on yields and nitrogen concentration of timothy and bromegrass and loss of ammonia from urea surface applications. Canadian journal of plant science, 67: 185-192.
  18. Leszczynska, T., Filipiak-Florkiewicz, A., Cieslik, E., Sikora, E. and Pisulewski, P. M. (2009). Effects of some processing methods on nitrate and nitrite changes in cruciferous vegetables. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 22(4), 315-321.
  19. Lichtenthder, H.K. 1987. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. J. Met in Enzy. 148: 350-382.
  20. Khan MMR, Rahman MM, Islam MS, Begum SA. 2006. A simple UV spectroscopic method for determination of vitamin C content in various fruits and vegetables at Sylhet area in Bangladesh. Journal of Biological Science 6(2): 388-392.
  21. Malkuti, M.J., and Riyazi Hamadani W. 1991. Fertilizers and soil benefits, Tehran University Publishing Center, 385 pp. (In Persian).
  22. Malakouti, M. J., Ladan S. H., and S. J. Tabatabaee. 2013. Nitrate in leafy vegetables: Toxicity and safety measures. In: Umar S. H., Anjum N. A., and Khan N. A. (Ed.), Content in the edible parts of vegetables: Origin, safety, toxicity limits and the prevalence of cancer in Iran. International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, India. pp. 93-122.
  23. Magalhaes, J. R., and G. E. Wilcox. 1983. Tomato growth and nutrient uptake patterns as influenced by nitrogen form and light intensity. Journal of plant nutrition, 6: 941-956. 24.
  24. Noorgholipour, F., Bagheri Y. R., and Lotfallahi, M. 2015. The effect of different sources of nitrogen fertilizer on the performance and quality of wheat. Research publication in agricultural sciences. 4(2): 1-13. (In Persian).
  25. Padem H., and R. Alan. 1995. The effect of foliar fertilizers on yield, chlorophyll, and chemical content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Ataturk university journal of agricultural facts, 26: 21-34.
  26. Pasikowska, R., B. Dabrowska, and E. Capecka. 2002. The effect of nitrogen fertilization rate on the yield and quality of two cultivars of parsley (Petroselinum sativum L. ssp. crispum) grown on different soil types. Scientia Horticulturae, 14/1: 177-185.
  27. Peyvast, G. A. 1998. vegetable farming. Rasht Silk Publishing Company. .126-128. (In Persian).
  28. Richardson, S. G., and C. M. Mckell. 1981. Growth response of two saltbush species to nitrate, ammonium, and urea added to processed oil shale. Journal of Range Management, 34 (5): 124-125.
  29. Robinson, R.G. 1978. Production and cultivars in sunflower science and technology. Agronomy.19: 89-143.
  30. Roosta, H. R. and J. K. Schjoerring. 2007. Effects of ammonium toxicity on nitrogen metabolism and elemental profile of cucumber plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 30:1933-1951.
  31. Sadeghi, H.M., J. critical. 2000. The effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer amounts on yield and yield components and grain protein percentage of grain corn. The 6th Congress of Agricultural Sciences and Plant Breeding of Iran. Mazandaran University. 8-15.
  32. Stecker, J. A., D. D. Buschholz, R. G. Hanson, N. C. Wollenhaup, and K. A. Mcvay. 1993. Broad cast nitrogen sources for no-till continuous corn and corn-flowing soybeans. Agronomy Journal, 58: 893-894.
  33. Sheikh Babaei, M., M. Ezni Ashari, and Dashti F. 2018. The effect of urea and two biofertilizers, Nitrogen bacterium and Nitroxin, on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum). Sixth Congress of Horticultural Sciences, Gilan University, Iran. (In Persian).
  34. Susin, J., Kmecl, V. and A. Gregorcic. 2006. A survey of nitrate and nitrite content of fruit and vegetables grown in Slovenia during 1996-2002., Food Additives and Contaminants 23(4):385-390.
  35. Tadayon, M. S. and Maafpourian, Gh. 2010. The effect of the form of nitrogen fertilizer used on iron absorption and iron chlorosis in Sultani grapes. Journal of plant ecophysiology. 2(4): 15-25. (In Persian).
  36. Taghavi, T. S., M. Babalar, A. Ebadi, H. Ebrahimzadeh, and M. Ali-sgari. 2004. Effects of nitrate to ammonium ratio on yield and nitrogen metabolism of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa cv. Selva). International journal of agriculture and biology, 6(6): 994-997.
  37. Turan, M., and F. Sevimli. 2005. Influence of different nitrogen sources and levels on ion contents of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitate) plant. New Zealand Journal of crop and horticultural science, 33: 241-24.
  38. Vagen, I. M. 2003. Nitrogen uptake in a broccoli crop. 1. Nitrogen dynamics on a relative time scale. In: Proc. XXVI IHC-Fertil. Strategy. Field Veg. Prod. Acta Horticulture, 627: 195-202.
  39. Villeneuve S., J. Coulombe, C. Belec, N. Tremblay. 2002. A comparison of sap nitrate test and chlorophyll meter for nitrogen status diagnosis in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica). In: Proc. Workshop Eco. Fertil. Veg. Acta Hort., 571: 171–177.
  40. Weitzberg, E., and J. O. Lundberg. 2013. Novel aspects of dietary nitrate and human health. Nutrition. 33: 129-159.
  41. Westerveld S.M., A.W. McKeown, A.W. McDonald, C.D. Scott-Dupree. 2003. Chlorophyll and nitrate meters as nitrogen monitoring tools for selected vegetables in southern Ontario. In: Proc. XXVI. IHC-Fertil. Strategy. Field Veg. Prod. Acta Hort., 627:259–266.
  42. Yildirim, E., I. Guvenc, M. Turan, A. Karatas. 2007. Effect of foliar urea application on quality, growth, mineral uptake, and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. Italia). Plant soil Environment, 53(3): 120-128.
Greenhouse Plant Production Journal
Volume 1, Issue 2
Spring 2024
Pages 61-76

  • Receive Date 13 June 2024
  • Revise Date 27 June 2024
  • Accept Date 28 June 2024
  • First Publish Date 28 June 2024
  • Publish Date 30 June 2024

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us